永續漁業與國際關係-台灣經驗

這篇是因應第二屆海洋與台灣研討會而與FA合著的文章

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永續漁業與國際關係-台灣經驗

摘   要

台灣遠洋漁業發展自1960年代，經過三十年的發展，在1990年代之鮪漁業產量高居全球第三位。隨著國際海洋法規的變遷以及國際區域性漁業組織能力的強化，一方面使得台灣得以捕魚實體等名義加入數個國際性區域漁業管理組織，或與相關國家訂定雙邊備忘錄或行動計畫，一方面卻因為漁民違反國際性區域組織的規定而被大幅刪減配額。此等經驗雖然對產業造成重大短期衝擊，卻也使得台灣產業更能體認海洋漁業管理趨勢，以及管理體制得以強化。未來，台灣希望能夠加強行政科技研究人才，儘速擴增管理能量及善盡管理責任，並加速投資在漁獲資料收集品質的改善，以豐富「海洋立國」之內涵。

關鍵字：永續漁業、區域性漁業組織、捕魚實體

Sustainable Fisheries and International relationship—Taiwan’s experience

Abstract

The distant water fisheries of Taiwan were developed since 1960s. After 30 years, the catch amount of tuna fisheries in Taiwan has been ranking as the third in the whole world. As the result of the transformation of international law of the seas and the capacity improvement of international regional fisheries organizations (RFMOs), Taiwan is allowed to participate in several RFMOs, or establish the bilateral relationship with relevant countries. In the meanwhile, Taiwan’s fishing quota has also been substantially deducted due to that some fishermen act in a manner against the measures of RFMOs. Such experience makes the industry suffered from considerable impact, but also enables them to recognize the trend of marine fisheries management and improve the management mechanism as well. In the future, Taiwan hopes to be an ocean state by strengthening administrative personnel for scientific research, improving capacity to assume its duty in fisheries management, and qualifying the collection of catch data.

Keywords: sustainable fisheries, Regional Fisheries Management Organizations, fishing entities