全球休閒漁業人口逐年成長，美國、加拿大等國開始進行全國性調查，並採取限制漁獲量、努力量等管理措施，以確保資源永續。有鑑於臺灣沿岸及港口垂釣人口日益增加，各縣市政府依據相關法規於漁港劃定特定區域開放垂釣。本研究自2013年7月至2014年6月於新北市10處和基隆市5處漁港垂釣區等15處漁港進行73次調查，回收408份問卷。結果顯示96.81 %的釣友為男性，多數來自於新北市(50.98%)，平均年齡為45.92±11.50歲，平均年資為22.95±13.78年，在受訪釣友中有職業型28.92%、運動型61.76%、遊憩型9.31%。推估臺灣北部港區全年垂釣人次為112,114±58,877人次，平均漁獲率1.769±0.249，總垂釣努力量達528,757±8,796小時，平均每人次花費4.72個小時，全年總漁獲量49.14±1.57公噸(983,163±20,926尾)。漁獲部分，共記錄31科39種2,896尾，推估全年總垂釣數達65644尾，主要物種為臭肚魚(長鰭藍子魚，籃子魚科，Siganidae)，約佔63.64%(1843尾)，平均體長為11.45±5.59cm，小於成熟體長，另一指標物種為鸚哥魚，約佔1.14%(33尾)，平均體長為22.08±7.70cm，大於成熟體長。針對管理方面，超過半數(57.41%)釣友認同應攜帶安全設備，然實際穿戴比例(2.94%)低，顯示釣客安全意識不足。超過半數(69.36%)釣友認同自身是港區垃圾製造來源之一，多數(70.59%)認為應設置垃設桶，82.11%希望強化港區環境清潔。69.12%的釣友希望能開放更多港區或增加現有港區的垂釣空間。本研究係首次調查臺灣北部港區垂釣行為並建立釣獲魚類資料庫，並參酌釣友建議，提供主管機關作為港區管理及規劃之參考。
Recreational fisheries population is increasing,
many developed countries, including the United States, Canada have conducted a
national survey and take conservation measures such as catch and effort limit.
In view of the increasing angling population in Taiwan coastal and harbor
areas, local governments designated specific angling areas in fishing ports in
accordance with relevant regulations. This study conducted 73 surveys and 408
questionnaires in 10 fishing ports in New Taipei City and 5 fishing port in
Keelung from July 2013 to June 2014. The results showed that 96.81% of the
anglers were male, most came from New Taipei City (50.98%), and the average age
was 45.92 ± 11.50 years, fishing experience averaged 22.95 ± 13.78 years. Among anglers, 28.92% were
professionals, 61.76% were sports type and 9.31% were recreationals. The
estimated numbers of anglers was 112,114 ± 58,877, the average catch rate was
1.769 ± 0.249 (fish/tip/hour), the total angling effort were 528,757 ± 8,796
hours, average time length was 4.72 hours per time. the annual catch was 49.14
± 1.57 tonnes (983,163 ± 20,926 fish). There were 31 families, 39 species and
2,896 fish were recorded. The estimated total number was 65644 fish. The major
species was Siganus canaliculatus, accounting for 63.64% (1843 fish), average length was
11.45 ± 5.59cm, less than mature length, and estimated average weight was 33.84
± 53.44 g. Another indicator species is Chlorurus sordidus. Accounting for 1.14%
(33fish, 37,127.86 g, 35.57%), average length of 22.08 ± 7.70 cm, more than
mature length. For the
management, more than half (57.41%) agreed that anglers should carry safety
equipment. However, the proportion of actual wear proportion (2.94%) was lower.
It is showed that lack of safety awareness. More than half (69.36%) agreed anglers was one of
the source for harbor debris. Majority (70.59%) suggested that there should set
more trash cans. There are 82.11% hopes to strengthen the port environment. 69.12%
of anglers expected the governments could open more ports or increase the
existing fishing ports area for angleing. This study is the first survey of angling
activities in fishing ports of northern Taiwan. A database for angleing fish
species is established for management. In addition, the opinions of anglers
were provided for the competent authority for further management.
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